Glycerine suppositories are a form of laxative medication used to provide quick, temporary relief from occasional constipation. They contain glycerol, a sugar alcohol classified as a hyperosmotic laxative, which is generally recognized as safe for short-term use. These suppositories are available over the counter and are not intended for managing chronic constipation or for use over extended periods.
How Glycerine Suppositories Work
Glycerine suppositories function through a dual mechanism primarily within the rectum and lower colon. The main component, glycerol, acts as a hyperosmotic agent, drawing water from surrounding tissues into the intestinal tract. This influx of water softens hardened stool, making it easier to pass.
The suppository also provides a mild chemical and mechanical stimulus to the rectal lining. This local irritation triggers the muscles of the rectum to contract, encouraging the timely evacuation of the bowels. The combined softening and stimulation effects usually result in a bowel movement quickly, often within 15 to 60 minutes after insertion.
A significant safety advantage is that the action is non-systemic, meaning the medication is not absorbed into the bloodstream in significant amounts. This localized effect minimizes the risk of systemic side effects often associated with oral laxatives. Suppositories are limited to treating constipation caused by hardened stool near the rectum, rather than issues originating higher up in the digestive system.
Safe Administration and Dosage Guidelines
The suppository should be gently inserted into the rectum after removing the protective wrapper. The user should lie on their side with one leg bent toward the stomach to facilitate insertion. Wetting the pointed tip with cold water beforehand can make the process more comfortable.
Once inserted, the user should remain lying down for approximately 15 to 20 minutes, if possible, to allow the suppository to dissolve and prevent premature expulsion. The general guideline is one suppository once daily. The medication should not be used for a period longer than one week unless specifically directed by a healthcare professional.
Dosage varies based on age, requiring the appropriate formulation for the individual. Adult suppositories typically contain a higher dose, such as 2 to 2.8 grams of glycerin. Pediatric and infant versions are distinctly sized and dosed, with children aged 2 to 6 years using a smaller suppository, often around 1 to 1.7 grams. For infants, a small sliver or a specialized liquid glycerin enema is often used, emphasizing the need for precise, age-appropriate dosing.
Potential Side Effects and Contraindications
Glycerine suppositories are generally well-tolerated but can cause mild, temporary side effects confined to the rectal area. Common effects include a slight burning sensation, mild rectal irritation, or cramping pain in the abdomen. Some individuals may also experience tenesmus, which is an increased urge to have a bowel movement even after evacuation.
Overuse or prolonged duration can lead to dependence, interfering with the body’s natural ability to have a bowel movement and potentially leading to chronic constipation. If constipation persists beyond seven days, users should stop the product and seek medical advice.
Suppositories should never be used if the user is experiencing severe abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, or unexplained rectal bleeding. These symptoms can indicate a more serious underlying issue, such as a bowel obstruction or severe fecal impaction. Immediate medical attention is also necessary if there is no bowel movement following use or if new rectal bleeding occurs.