The Chlorophytum comosum, commonly known as the spider plant, is a popular and low-maintenance houseplant admired for its arching foliage and cascading plantlets. For most homeowners, the primary concern is the safety of this greenery for the humans and pets sharing the indoor space. The plant is broadly classified as non-toxic for both people and animals, making it a relatively safe addition to a household environment. However, ingestion of the plant, particularly by household pets, can lead to mild, temporary gastrointestinal distress.
Safety Assessment for Human Contact and Ingestion
The spider plant is recognized as safe for human contact and consumption, posing no serious threat to adults or young children. Its classification as non-toxic means that it does not contain harmful chemical compounds, such as oxalates, which are present in many other common houseplants and cause immediate irritation. Therefore, skin contact with the leaves or the clear, non-irritating sap does not typically result in allergic reactions or dermatitis.
If a child or adult consumes a small portion of a spider plant, they likely experience no adverse effects. If a large amount is ingested, the fibrous structure of the leaves, rather than any true toxin, can cause mild stomach upset. This mechanical irritation may lead to transient symptoms like nausea or mild abdominal discomfort.
The Specific Effects on Common Household Pets
The spider plant is designated as non-toxic by veterinary organizations, but consumption can still cause an adverse reaction in cats and dogs. The plant contains naturally occurring chemical compounds called saponins, which are not lethal but act as mild irritants to the animals’ gastrointestinal tract.
In both cats and dogs, the most common responses include vomiting and diarrhea. Cats may also exhibit drooling, a direct reaction to the bitter taste and irritation of the saponins in the mouth and throat. Dogs might display similar signs of mild gastrointestinal upset, along with temporary lethargy or a change in appetite. These symptoms are generally self-limiting, resolving on their own once the plant material is passed.
Why Pets Are Attracted and Necessary Action Steps
The strong draw the spider plant holds for cats is attributed to compounds within the leaves that are believed to have a mild, psychotropic effect. This reaction is similar to the effect of catnip, encouraging felines to seek out and chew the foliage. Although the exact chemical structure causing this attraction is not fully confirmed, the behavioral response is distinct in cats.
Beyond the chemical draw, the long, thin, and dangling leaves, especially the plantlets, appeal to a cat’s natural hunting instincts, encouraging play and chewing. To prevent continuous consumption, owners should place spider plants in inaccessible locations, such as high shelves or hanging baskets. Pet deterrent sprays with scents like citrus or cinnamon can also be applied to the foliage to discourage nibbling.
Necessary Action Steps
Should a pet ingest a noticeable amount of the plant, monitor their behavior and symptoms closely. If the pet exhibits only mild, passing signs, such as a single episode of vomiting, continued observation is sufficient. If symptoms are severe, including persistent vomiting, bloody diarrhea, or extreme lethargy, contact a veterinarian or an animal poison control center immediately. Having the plant’s scientific name, Chlorophytum comosum, ready for the call helps the professional quickly assess the risk.