Swimming is generally safe when you have hemorrhoids, which are swollen veins in or around the anus. It is often recommended as a low-impact exercise that does not strain the pelvic area, unlike activities such as cycling or weightlifting. The primary considerations are preventing irritation and avoiding potential infection, especially if the hemorrhoids are external or actively symptomatic. Taking simple precautions before and after swimming will help ensure a comfortable experience.
Understanding the Risks of Swimming
The main concerns when swimming with hemorrhoids center on physical irritation and the low potential for bacterial exposure. Friction from swimwear, especially when wet, can worsen symptoms such as itching, swelling, and pain around external hemorrhoids. Prolonged exposure to water can also cause the sensitive skin in the anal area to become waterlogged, making it more susceptible to chafing and discomfort.
The risk of infection is minimal if the hemorrhoids are internal or not actively bleeding or weeping. However, if there are open sores, fissures, or actively bleeding external hemorrhoids, the individual is more vulnerable to pathogens present in the water. In properly maintained public pools, the chlorine significantly reduces the overall bacterial load, making the risk of contracting an infection relatively low. Personal hygiene remains a factor, and individuals should always clean the affected area gently before entering the water.
Most pools have rules against swimming with any actively bleeding wounds for both public safety and to maintain water quality standards. Focus should remain on protecting the individual from potential exposure when the skin barrier is compromised.
Does the Type of Water Matter?
The environment in which you swim can affect how the hemorrhoid tissue reacts to the water.
Chlorinated swimming pools, while disinfected, contain chemicals that may cause minor irritation or dryness for individuals with sensitive skin. The low concentration of chlorine generally acts as a disinfectant, providing an antiseptic effect on the area.
Saltwater, such as that found in the ocean or in saltwater pools, is often reported to be soothing for inflamed skin. Saltwater can help reduce inflammation and relieve some of the pain associated with hemorrhoids, though a temporary stinging sensation may occur if small skin tears are present. This soothing effect is similar to the benefit derived from an Epsom salt sitz bath.
Swimming in natural bodies of water, like lakes, rivers, or ponds, carries a greater potential risk. These environments are not chemically treated and may harbor higher concentrations of bacteria, parasites, and other pathogens. If a hemorrhoid is external or has any breaks in the skin, exposure to untreated water could increase the chance of bacterial infection, making these swimming locations less advisable.
Essential Pre- and Post-Swim Care
Pre-Swim Preparation
Taking specific steps before swimming can help create a protective barrier against irritation and reduce swelling. Applying a mild, over-the-counter topical treatment, such as a hemorrhoid cream containing witch hazel or a protective ointment, can help soothe the area and shield the skin from prolonged moisture exposure.
Some individuals find it helpful to take a warm sitz bath for about twenty minutes prior to swimming, which can temporarily relieve pain and reduce swelling. Choosing loose-fitting swimwear that does not chafe or rub against the affected area is also beneficial for preventing friction during movement.
Post-Swim Hygiene
Immediate post-swim care is equally important to prevent prolonged irritation. As soon as you exit the water, thoroughly rinse the anal area with clean, warm water to remove any residual salt, chlorine, or contaminants.
After rinsing, gently pat the area completely dry with a soft, clean towel, avoiding any rubbing motion that could cause friction. Changing out of wet swimwear immediately is necessary to prevent the prolonged contact of moisture against the skin, which can lead to chafing and increase the risk of skin irritation or fungal issues.
When to Avoid Swimming
You must avoid swimming entirely if specific symptoms are present, regardless of the water type or location. Swimming should be postponed if you are experiencing:
- Heavy, active bleeding or severe, unrelenting pain.
- An obvious sign of infection, such as pus or fever.
- Recovery from a recent medical procedure for hemorrhoids, like banding or a hemorrhoidectomy.
Always listen to your body and exit the water immediately if you feel increased pain or discomfort.