A yeast infection, or candidiasis, is a common condition caused by an overgrowth of Candida, a type of fungus that naturally lives on the body. When experiencing the intense itching and irritation often associated with a yeast infection, many people reach for hydrocortisone cream, a low-potency topical corticosteroid. Hydrocortisone is designed to calm skin inflammation, but using a cream meant for inflammation on an active fungal infection requires understanding how these two conditions must be treated differently.
Understanding Hydrocortisone Cream
Hydrocortisone is a medication belonging to the corticosteroid class, synthetic versions of hormones naturally produced by the body. Its primary function is to reduce inflammation, redness, and swelling in the skin. It works by suppressing the local immune response, which decreases the production of chemicals responsible for irritation and itching. The cream is commonly used to manage non-infectious conditions such as eczema, dermatitis, and allergic reactions, but it addresses only the visible symptoms of inflammation and does not eliminate the underlying cause.
Why Steroids Should Not Be Used on Fungal Infections
The application of hydrocortisone cream to a fungal infection, such as candidiasis, can inadvertently make the problem significantly worse. Fungi like Candida are typically kept in check by the body’s localized immune system defenses. Topical steroids compromise these defenses by reducing the immune cell activity in the treated area. By suppressing the immune response, hydrocortisone creates a more hospitable environment where the fungal organism can thrive and multiply rapidly. While the anti-itch properties may provide temporary symptomatic relief, this delays the necessary treatment with antifungal agents, allowing the Candida to spread further.
Identifying and Treating Fungal Infections Safely
The correct approach to managing a suspected yeast infection is to use an appropriate antifungal agent. Symptoms include intense itching, a burning sensation, and often thick, white, odorless vaginal discharge, along with redness and swelling of the vulva. Effective treatments involve azole antifungals, such as miconazole and clotrimazole, which are available over-the-counter and kill the Candida organism by damaging the fungal cell wall. Topical treatments are typically used in 1-day, 3-day, or 7-day courses. It is necessary to complete the entire course of treatment as directed to ensure the infection is fully eradicated, though a healthcare provider may prescribe an oral antifungal medication, such as fluconazole, for complicated cases.
When to Consult a Healthcare Provider
Self-treating a suspected yeast infection should only be done if symptoms are mild and the diagnosis is relatively certain based on prior experience. Consult a healthcare provider if this is the first time experiencing these symptoms, as many conditions, including bacterial vaginosis or certain sexually transmitted infections, can mimic a yeast infection. A professional diagnosis ensures the correct treatment plan is followed. A medical consultation is also warranted if symptoms do not improve within a few days of using an over-the-counter antifungal product. Individuals with underlying health issues, such as diabetes or a compromised immune system, or those experiencing recurrent infections (four or more per year), should seek medical guidance.