While many associate wasp nests with hanging structures, some species build homes beneath the earth. These subterranean nests are often difficult to detect. Understanding which wasps nest underground, how to identify their hidden dwellings, and appropriate management strategies is important.
Wasps That Nest Underground
Both social and solitary wasp species build nests in the ground. Yellowjackets are common social wasps that construct extensive underground colonies, often utilizing abandoned rodent burrows or other soil cavities. These social wasps create paper-like nests within subterranean spaces, housing hundreds or thousands of individuals.
Solitary wasps also nest underground, though their nests are less complex than social species. Examples include cicada killer, digger, and sand wasps. These wasps excavate individual burrows where females lay eggs and provision them with paralyzed prey for their offspring. The underground environment offers stable temperatures and protection from predators and elements.
Identifying a Ground Nest
Identifying a ground wasp nest involves observing wasp activity and looking for physical indicators. The most common sign is a small, rounded hole in the ground, often less than an inch in diameter, which serves as the main entrance and exit for the wasps. This entrance may be surrounded by a small mound of excavated soil, resembling an anthill with a larger opening.
A clear indication of an active nest is a constant stream of wasps flying in and out of the same hole, especially during late morning and early afternoon when activity peaks. Wasps may hover near the entrance before entering or exiting, displaying a focused flight path. Nests are frequently found in loose or sandy soil, under tree roots, in dense vegetation, or in pavement cracks. Vibrations from mowing or gardening can disturb these hidden nests, leading to increased wasp activity.
Managing Ground Wasp Nests
Encountering a ground wasp nest requires caution due to the aggressive nature of some species, particularly yellowjackets, which can sting repeatedly if disturbed. Maintaining a safe distance and avoiding any nest disturbance is the most important immediate action. Attempting removal without proper protection and knowledge can result in multiple painful stings, potentially leading to severe reactions for individuals with allergies.
Therefore, contacting professional pest control services for safe and effective removal is strongly recommended. Professionals possess the expertise and equipment to handle such situations, especially for large or aggressively defended social wasp colonies. To prevent future infestations, fill old rodent burrows and other yard holes with sand or fine soil, reducing potential nesting sites. Keeping outdoor eating areas clean and securing trash can lids can also deter wasps from foraging nearby and establishing nests.