Buddy taping is a simple first aid technique used to provide temporary support and stabilization to a minor finger injury. This method involves gently securing the injured finger to an adjacent, healthy finger, which acts as a dynamic splint. The primary purpose is to limit excessive movement and protect the injured digit from further aggravation. This stabilization promotes a more comfortable healing environment while still allowing for some functional range of motion.
When Buddy Taping Is Appropriate
Buddy taping is a suitable home treatment for minor injuries, such as a mild finger sprain or a jammed finger, where there is no obvious bone displacement. Securing the injured finger helps protect damaged ligaments and soft tissues. It may also be used for stable, non-displaced phalangeal fractures, but only after a medical professional has confirmed the diagnosis and approved the technique.
Never attempt buddy taping if the finger exhibits severe swelling, a noticeable deformity, or is bent at an abnormal angle, as these require immediate medical attention for a severe fracture or dislocation. Do not tape a finger with an open wound, deep cut, or a suspected tendon injury, such as a mallet finger, as these are contraindications.
Step-by-Step Guide to Buddy Taping
Before starting, gather medical cloth tape (typically 1/2 to 1 inch wide) and a soft padding material like gauze or cotton.
Ensure both the injured and the adjacent “buddy” finger are clean and dry to promote tape adhesion and prevent skin irritation. Carefully place a strip of soft padding, such as cotton or gauze, between the two fingers along their entire length. This padding prevents skin maceration, which is the softening and breakdown of skin caused by friction and trapped moisture.
The healthy finger chosen is generally the one immediately beside the injured digit, as it matches the length and natural alignment. The tape must be applied to the finger bones (phalanges) and not directly over the joints (knuckles). Taping over the joints would restrict the finger’s ability to bend, which is necessary for maintaining mobility and preventing stiffness.
Apply the first strip of tape proximally (closer to the palm) between the first and second knuckles. Place the second strip distally (closer to the fingertip) between the second and third knuckles. Cut the tape strips long enough to fully encircle both fingers without overlapping the joints. The tape must be applied firmly enough to keep the fingers moving together but must not be overly tight, which can compromise circulation.
Signs of Improper Taping and When to See a Doctor
Correct tension is essential, as excessively tight application can lead to vascular compromise. Signs of improper taping or a circulation problem include a cold feeling, or a pale or bluish discoloration of the fingertip, indicating reduced blood flow. The injured finger may also feel numb, tingly, or experience a throbbing sensation distal to the tape.
To check for proper circulation, perform a capillary refill test by briefly pressing on the fingernail bed. If the color does not return to a normal pink within two seconds of releasing the pressure, the tape is too tight and must be removed and reapplied immediately. If the pain significantly increases or the swelling worsens after application, the taping is likely incorrect or the injury is more severe.
Seek medical attention if the pain becomes severe and unmanageable with over-the-counter medication, or if you develop signs of infection, such as fever, increasing redness, or discharge from the injury site. While a mild sprain may only need buddy taping for two to four weeks, any persistent or worsening symptoms warrant a professional evaluation. A doctor can confirm the injury is appropriate for buddy taping and ensure there are no underlying complications.