A colonoscopy allows a doctor to examine the entire length of the large intestine. To provide a clear view, the colon walls are expanded using insufflation, which introduces gas, typically air or carbon dioxide (CO₂). This necessary step traps gas, causing common post-procedure side effects like bloating, cramping, and the need to pass gas. Discomfort occurs because the gas distends the bowel, and the remaining gas must be expelled naturally afterward.
Immediate Strategies for Relief
Taking immediate physical action is one of the most effective ways to encourage the body to expel the trapped gas. Gentle movement is the primary mechanism for relief, as it stimulates the natural muscular contractions of the intestine, known as peristalsis, which help push the gas along the colon. Even short, slow walks around the room or house can significantly aid in mobilizing the residual air that is causing the uncomfortable pressure.
Changing your body position can also help move the gas pockets to areas where they can be more easily released. Lying on your left side is often recommended because it utilizes gravity and the natural curves of the colon to facilitate gas movement. Gentle exercises like bringing your knees slightly up to your chest while lying down may also help to ease pressure.
Applying warmth to the abdomen can provide soothing relief by helping to relax the muscles in the intestinal wall. A heating pad set to a low or medium temperature can be placed over the stomach area. Ensure the heating pad is not too hot and is used over a layer of clothing to prevent any skin irritation or burns.
Dietary Adjustments and Medications
In addition to movement, certain ingestive aids and careful dietary choices help manage discomfort and reduce further gas formation. Over-the-counter anti-gas medications containing Simethicone are frequently suggested to assist with the passage of gas. Simethicone works by reducing the surface tension of gas bubbles, causing smaller, trapped bubbles to combine into larger bubbles, which the body can more easily pass through belching or flatulence.
Hydration is important, but the type of beverage consumed matters significantly in the hours following the procedure. It is best to stick to non-carbonated liquids like water, clear broth, or herbal teas. Peppermint or ginger tea may offer additional soothing effects on the digestive system. Beverages like soda, sparkling water, or beer should be avoided, as their carbonation directly introduces more gas into the digestive system.
It is also advisable to avoid using straws or chewing gum, as both actions cause a person to swallow extra air, which can exacerbate bloating. When returning to eating, focus on light, easily digestible foods such as toast, rice, or bananas. Foods known to be highly gas-producing, including beans, broccoli, cabbage, and fatty or spicy meals, should be avoided for the initial 24 to 48 hours to prevent compounding the existing discomfort.
When to Seek Medical Attention
While mild gas and bloating are expected and typically resolve quickly, knowing the signs of a potential complication is important for patient safety. The majority of gas-related discomfort should significantly improve or disappear entirely within 12 to 24 hours after the procedure. In some cases, particularly if air rather than CO₂ was used for insufflation, symptoms may last up to 48 hours.
You should contact your doctor or seek immediate medical care if you experience certain severe or persistent symptoms. These warning signs include abdominal pain that is severe or worsening over time, especially if it does not improve after passing gas. Other concerning symptoms are a fever (a temperature above 100.4°F or 38°C), persistent nausea or vomiting, or a rigid, unusually firm abdomen. Heavy rectal bleeding—more than a few streaks or a tablespoon of blood—also warrants prompt medical evaluation.