Hemorrhoids are swollen, inflamed veins located in the lower rectum or around the anus that cause discomfort, itching, and swelling. Over-the-counter (OTC) hydrocortisone cream offers temporary relief by targeting these symptoms directly. The cream, typically available in 0.5% or 1% concentrations, belongs to a class of medications called corticosteroids. This compound functions by reducing the body’s inflammatory response, which helps to soothe the pain and irritation associated with hemorrhoids.
Preparing for Application and Step-by-Step Instructions
Before applying hydrocortisone cream, proper hygiene is necessary to maximize effectiveness and avoid further irritation. Start by gently cleaning the affected area using mild soap and warm water, taking care not to rub or scrub the sensitive tissue. After rinsing thoroughly, pat the area completely dry with a soft cloth or tissue, as moisture can worsen discomfort.
Once the area is clean and dry, apply a small, thin film of the cream directly to the external hemorrhoids and the surrounding perianal skin. The amount used should be minimal, often described as a pea-sized portion, to cover the irritated tissue without excess. Apply the cream with a gentle touch, avoiding vigorous rubbing, which could aggravate sensitive blood vessels. Most OTC hydrocortisone creams are for external use only, but if a product includes an applicator for the immediate anal opening, insert it only about half an inch to one inch. Always wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water both before and immediately after applying the medication to maintain hygiene.
Understanding Dosage and Treatment Duration
The standard application frequency for hydrocortisone cream is two to four times daily, although specific product instructions should be followed. Applying the cream after each bowel movement is suggested, as this provides a clean surface and allows the medication to work effectively. Following a bowel movement, clean the area again using the gentle preparation steps before re-applying the thin layer of cream.
Treatment must adhere to a strict short-term limit, generally no more than seven consecutive days for OTC hydrocortisone products. This restriction is necessary because prolonged use of corticosteroids in this sensitive area carries specific risks. Extended application can lead to skin atrophy, where the perianal tissue becomes thinned, making it more vulnerable to injury. Using the cream for too long may also increase the absorption of the corticosteroid into the bloodstream, potentially leading to systemic side effects like extreme tiredness.
When to Stop Treatment and Seek Professional Medical Advice
If hemorrhoid symptoms, such as itching, swelling, or pain, do not improve significantly after the seven-day treatment period, discontinue the cream and consult a healthcare provider. Failure of the symptoms to resolve may indicate a more advanced hemorrhoid grade or another underlying condition, such as an anal fissure or abscess, that requires a different diagnosis and treatment plan.
Immediate medical attention is necessary if you notice new or worsening symptoms like persistent rectal bleeding, which could signal a more serious issue. You should also stop using the cream if you develop signs of a localized infection, including increased redness, warmth, tenderness, or the formation of pus. Any severe irritation or rash that appears after starting the cream could be a reaction to the product itself, and a doctor should evaluate these symptoms promptly.