The Kalanchoe is a popular houseplant, cherished for its vibrant, long-lasting flowers and its low-maintenance nature. As a succulent, it has evolved thick, fleshy leaves and stems that function as natural water reservoirs to survive in dry environments. This adaptation requires a specific watering approach that differs significantly from most common houseplants. Mastering the right technique is crucial for maintaining your Kalanchoe’s health and ensuring its colorful blooms return.
Determining When to Water
The most reliable way to know if your Kalanchoe needs water is to check the dryness of the potting mix, not to follow a fixed schedule. Kalanchoe plants require the soil to dry out almost completely between watering sessions to mimic their native habitat.
A simple “finger test” is the best way to determine the moisture level deep within the pot. Insert your finger about two inches deep into the soil to check for dampness. If the soil feels moist at this depth, wait several more days before checking again. Only water the plant when the soil is completely dry to the touch.
Another useful indicator is the weight of the pot; a dry pot will feel noticeably lighter than a saturated one.
Applying the Soak and Drain Method
Once the soil is dry, the goal is to fully saturate the entire root ball, a technique known as deep watering. Pour water slowly and evenly over the surface until it flows freely from the drainage holes at the bottom of the pot. This thorough soaking encourages the roots to grow deeply and robustly, rather than staying near the surface.
After saturation, allow all excess water to drain away completely. This is crucial for preventing root issues, as Kalanchoe plants cannot tolerate sitting in standing water. Empty any water that collects in the saucer or cachepot within 15 to 30 minutes.
Alternatively, bottom watering can achieve full saturation. Place the pot in a shallow basin of water and allow the soil to wick up moisture through the drainage holes until the top layer is damp. This method ensures deep, even saturation without risking fungal issues on the leaves.
Adjusting for Season and Environment
Watering frequency must be adapted based on the plant’s seasonal cycle and environment. During the active growing season in spring and summer, when light levels are high and temperatures are warmer, the Kalanchoe uses water more quickly. This period generally requires watering once every one to two weeks, provided the soil passes the dryness test.
Cooler temperatures and shorter days in the autumn and winter months signal a period of reduced growth, or dormancy. During dormancy, the plant’s water needs drop significantly. Reduce watering frequency to once every three to four weeks, or even less, as the risk of root rot increases in cool conditions.
A Kalanchoe placed in a location with high heat, low humidity, or intense direct light may need slightly more frequent checks, as the soil will dry out faster due to increased evaporation.
Recognizing and Correcting Watering Stress
Incorrect watering is the most common cause of Kalanchoe health problems, presenting with distinct physical symptoms. Overwatering often manifests as soft, mushy, or translucent leaves, indicating that the plant cells are waterlogged. The stems may also become soft, and the leaves can turn yellow or drop easily, often indicating root rot.
If overwatering is suspected, stop watering completely and allow the soil to dry out thoroughly. For severe cases, remove the plant from its pot to inspect the roots and repot it into fresh, dry soil.
Conversely, an underwatered Kalanchoe will display shriveled, wrinkled, or dry leaves as the plant draws moisture from its foliage reserves. For a thirsty plant, a single, deep soaking using the soak and drain method is the appropriate remedy to restore its turgidity.