Blood glucose, commonly referred to as blood sugar, is the primary energy source for the body’s cells. It is derived from carbohydrates in food, which the digestive system breaks down into glucose molecules that enter the bloodstream. The body regulates glucose concentration through the hormone insulin, which allows glucose into the cells for use or storage. A reading of 195 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL) signals elevated blood sugar, or hyperglycemia, suggesting the body’s glucose management system is not functioning optimally. Understanding this number requires context based on when the measurement was taken, as blood sugar levels naturally fluctuate throughout the day.
Understanding Blood Sugar Ranges
The significance of a 195 mg/dL blood sugar reading depends entirely on the timing of the measurement relative to the last meal. A fasting plasma glucose test, taken after at least eight hours without food, is considered normal if the result is below 100 mg/dL. A reading of 100 mg/dL to 125 mg/dL indicates impaired fasting glucose, a category of pre-diabetes.
If the 195 mg/dL reading was taken while fasting, it is significantly elevated, exceeding the pre-diabetes threshold and nearing the diagnostic level for diabetes (126 mg/dL or higher). For a 2-hour postprandial test, which measures glucose two hours after eating, normal results are below 140 mg/dL. A result between 140 mg/dL and 199 mg/dL in this test suggests impaired glucose tolerance, another category of pre-diabetes.
A 195 mg/dL reading taken two hours after a meal falls within the pre-diabetes range, indicating inefficient carbohydrate processing. For a random plasma glucose test, taken at any time regardless of food intake, a result of 200 mg/dL or higher diagnoses diabetes. Therefore, a 195 mg/dL random reading is very close to the diagnostic threshold, suggesting that further, definitive testing is necessary to determine the underlying metabolic state.
Common Influences on Elevated Readings
A temporary elevation to 195 mg/dL does not automatically confirm a chronic condition, as several acute factors can cause a spike. The most common influence is the recent consumption of a meal high in refined carbohydrates or simple sugars. If the body’s insulin response is sluggish or inefficient, the blood sugar level can rise sharply before insulin can shuttle the glucose into the cells.
Temporary physical stress, such as fighting off an infection, cold, or flu, can also lead to a surge in blood glucose. Stress hormones like cortisol and epinephrine are released to combat the illness, causing the liver to produce more glucose. Intense emotional stress from work or personal trauma triggers this same hormonal response, elevating glucose levels.
Certain medications, such as corticosteroids, are known to raise blood sugar as a side effect. Even temporary dehydration can concentrate blood glucose, leading to a higher reading.
Next Steps After an Elevated Reading
Observing a reading of 195 mg/dL requires consultation with a healthcare professional to determine the cause. The primary action is to schedule a formal laboratory test, such as a fasting plasma glucose or an A1C test, to confirm the reading and establish a definitive diagnosis. Self-diagnosis or attempting to self-treat a potentially serious condition should be avoided until a doctor provides guidance.
If the reading was unexpected, retesting immediately with a clean meter and a fresh sample can help rule out a device error. Gentle adjustments can support the body in bringing the level down, such as drinking water or other sugar-free liquids to flush out excess glucose through the urine. A short, moderate walk or light physical activity can also increase glucose uptake by the muscles, helping to lower the blood sugar level.
The healthcare provider will use the 195 mg/dL reading alongside other clinical information to create a comprehensive plan. This plan may include monitoring for symptoms of prolonged high blood sugar, such as increased thirst or frequent urination, and establishing a tailored management strategy. Tracking the time of the reading, the last meal consumed, and any recent illnesses or stressors is helpful information to share with the doctor during the consultation.