Contractions are the tightening and relaxing of the uterine muscle, which is the body’s powerful mechanism for preparing for and achieving birth. For many expectant parents, the experience of having contractions begin only to dissipate completely is a common reality. This start-and-stop pattern is usually a normal part of the body’s preparation process, indicating the uterus is practicing but has not yet committed to active labor. Understanding this phenomenon can help manage the physical and emotional anticipation during the final weeks of pregnancy.
Why Contractions Start and Stop
The primary reasons contractions begin and fail to progress into active labor are Braxton Hicks contractions and prodromal labor. Braxton Hicks contractions are often described as practice contractions. They are typically mild, irregular, and painless tightenings of the abdomen. These contractions often resolve with simple changes, such as walking around, resting, or drinking a glass of water.
Prodromal labor is a more intense form of false labor that can feel very real. These contractions may be painful and follow a regular pattern for hours, sometimes mimicking the frequency and duration of early active labor. However, prodromal labor contractions do not cause the significant, progressive changes in the cervix that define true labor, and they eventually stop completely. This stop-start pattern can last for days or weeks as the body prepares the uterus and positions the baby.
Key Characteristics of True Labor
True labor contractions create a progressive, irreversible change in the cervix, leading to dilation and effacement. The key distinction is the concept of progression, often remembered by the three P’s: Pattern, Persistence, and Progression.
True labor contractions establish a predictable pattern, becoming consistently closer together, longer in duration, and stronger in intensity over time. They demonstrate persistence, meaning they do not slow down or stop regardless of activity or position changes. The ultimate evidence of true labor is the progression of the cervix, which must soften, thin out (effacement), and open (dilation). Once active labor is established (typically around six centimeters of dilation), the contractions will continue to increase in frequency and intensity until birth.
Coping Strategies While Waiting
Dealing with non-progressive contractions can be physically tiring and emotionally draining, making energy conservation a priority. A key strategy is attempting to stop the contractions, which helps determine if they are false labor while providing necessary rest. Simple measures like changing positions, such as moving from standing to lying down or vice versa, can often lead to the dissipation of the tightening.
Hydration is important, as dehydration can sometimes trigger uterine irritability; drinking water or sports drinks can be helpful. Comfort measures like taking a warm shower or bath can help the muscles relax and alleviate discomfort. Engaging in light distractions, such as reading a book, watching a movie, or packing a hospital bag, can help manage the emotional fatigue that comes from waiting for true labor to begin.
Warning Signs Requiring Immediate Attention
While a start-and-stop contraction pattern is generally normal, certain symptoms require immediate contact with a healthcare provider, regardless of the contraction timing.
A sudden gush or continuous trickle of fluid suggests the rupture of membranes, or “water breaking,” and necessitates a call, especially if the fluid is colored green or brown. The presence of bright red vaginal bleeding, heavier than spotting, is another symptom that requires urgent medical evaluation.
Any significant decrease in the baby’s movement should be reported right away. Additionally, symptoms such as a severe, persistent headache, blurred vision, or sudden, extreme swelling of the hands or face can signal serious conditions requiring prompt medical attention. Always prioritize safety and contact your care team if any symptom causes concern.