The spider plant, known scientifically as Chlorophytum comosum, is a popular and resilient houseplant native to Africa. It is recognizable by its long, arching, grass-like leaves, often variegated with creamy white stripes. A unique feature is the production of “spiderettes,” or small plantlets, that grow on trailing stems, making it an excellent choice for hanging planters.
Understanding Purification Claims
The belief that the spider plant cleans indoor air originated with the NASA Clean Air Study conducted in 1989. This research explored how common houseplants could naturally remove volatile organic compounds (VOCs) within sealed environments. The spider plant showed impressive results, filtering out chemicals like formaldehyde (off-gassed by carpets and furniture) and xylene (found in paints).
The plant absorbs these airborne pollutants through its leaves, transporting them to the root zone where soil microbes break the compounds down. While the plant removed up to 95% of formaldehyde in a sealed test chamber, the practical impact in a typical home is significantly less. Modern homes have high air exchange rates, meaning a single spider plant should not be considered a substitute for proper ventilation or high-efficiency air filtration systems.
Caring for the Plant in a Bedroom Environment
A bedroom setting, which often features lower light levels, is generally well-tolerated by the resilient spider plant. While the plant survives in low light, growth will be slower and the distinct variegation may be lost. For optimal health and to encourage spiderette production, place the plant where it receives bright, indirect light, such as near an east- or west-facing window. Avoid direct, intense sunlight, as it can easily scorch the leaves and cause brown tips.
Watering is straightforward, as the plant prefers its soil to dry out slightly between waterings. Overwatering is a common mistake that leads to root rot, so check the top two inches of soil before adding water. The spider plant thrives in average room temperatures, ideally between 60 to 80 degrees Fahrenheit, and should be kept away from cold drafts or heating vents. Occasional browning of the leaf tips, often due to mineral buildup from tap water, is a cosmetic issue that can be managed by trimming the tips or using distilled water.
Safety for Pets and People
The spider plant is widely considered non-toxic and safe for humans and pets. The ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center includes it on its list of pet-friendly plants, confirming it does not contain harmful chemical substances. If a pet consumes the fibrous leaves, they may experience mild gastrointestinal upset, such as vomiting or diarrhea. This reaction is due to the physical ingestion of plant matter, not a specific toxin.
Cats are often drawn to the long, arching leaves and the dangling spiderettes, which resemble a toy. There is a theory that the spiderettes contain mild compounds that produce a stimulating effect on felines, similar to catnip. This attraction can lead to excessive chewing. Placing the plant in a hanging basket or on a high shelf can help keep the enticing foliage out of reach of curious animals.