The Simpson Stopper, known scientifically as Myrcianthes fragrans, is a versatile evergreen native to the southeastern United States and the Caribbean. A member of the myrtle family (Myrtaceae), it is often used in landscaping for its dense foliage and attractive appearance. It is frequently referred to as Twinberry Stopper due to the characteristic way its small fruits develop. This species is valued for its ornamental qualities and its small, brightly colored berries.
Identification and Origin
The Simpson Stopper is found naturally in coastal strands and hammocks, with its native range extending from central and southern Florida and the Keys into the Caribbean, Central America, and northern South America. The plant is adaptable, typically growing as an evergreen shrub or a small tree that can reach heights between 5 and 20 feet. It thrives in well-drained, sandy soils and exhibits a high tolerance for both salt and alkaline conditions.
The plant’s physical characteristics provide clear identification markers, beginning with its attractive reddish-brown bark that exfoliates or flakes away from the trunk. Its leaves are dark green, small, and leathery, arranged oppositely on the branches, and emit a noticeable citrus or nutmeg-like aroma when crushed. Fragrant white flowers appear intermittently throughout the year, with the heaviest bloom typically occurring in the spring, which then give way to the distinctive fruit.
Edibility and Culinary Uses
The small, round berries of Myrcianthes fragrans are generally considered safe for human consumption. The berry transitions from green to a vivid reddish-orange color as it matures, and it is the outer pulp of this ripe fruit that is edible. Avoid ingesting the seeds, as they possess a bitter taste that detracts from the overall experience.
The flavor of the sweet, somewhat mealy pulp is often described as mild and citrus-like. Historically, the plant’s name, “stopper,” refers to a traditional use of the fruit and bark to treat gastrointestinal distress. For modern culinary purposes, the fruit’s mild sweetness and pectin content make it suitable for preparation into jams, jellies, or preserves, though it can also be eaten raw.
Landscaping and Growth Habits
The primary function of the Simpson Stopper is as a robust and attractive ornamental shrub or small tree. Its ability to maintain dense foliage when planted in full sun makes it an excellent choice for creating hedges or privacy screens in the landscape. When grown in partial shade, the plant’s growth habit is less dense, allowing its smooth, reddish, exfoliating bark to be prominently displayed.
This species is highly regarded for its low maintenance requirements once its root system is fully established, exhibiting high drought and salt tolerance. It has a slow to moderate growth rate, typically adding between 3 and 12 inches annually, which reduces the need for frequent pruning. The plant’s white flowers attract pollinating insects like butterflies and bees, while the bright berries are a favored food source for various birds.