The GV20 acupuncture point, formally known as Governing Vessel 20, is one of the most recognized and frequently used points in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). It is often called Baihui, which translates to “Hundred Convergences” or “Hundred Meetings.” This name reflects its significance as a convergence point for the body’s yang energy pathways, which are believed to carry energy toward the head. Situated directly at the crown of the head, GV20 holds a unique position on the Governing Vessel meridian.
Identifying the Baihui Point
Locating the Baihui point on the top of the head is straightforward using anatomical landmarks. The point is positioned precisely on the midline of the skull. To find it, draw an imaginary line connecting the highest points of both ears. The intersection of this ear-to-ear line and the central midline of the head marks the location of GV20.
Another method involves measuring the distance from the anterior hairline. The point is situated about five cun posterior, or toward the back, from this hairline, placing it centrally on the vertex. A slight depression may be felt at this location, which is situated over the area where the fontanelle closes in infants. Stimulation is generally avoided in infants whose fontanelle has not yet fully fused.
Traditional Applications in Practice
The Baihui point has a broad scope of use in TCM, primarily due to its ability to influence the flow of yang energy and calm the spirit. It is commonly utilized for addressing psychological and mental health concerns. Applications include managing anxiety, promoting mental clarity, and helping with conditions like poor memory, nervousness, and depression. It is also incorporated into treatment protocols for insomnia, as it helps to settle the mind.
GV20 is frequently employed for sensory and head-related disorders, drawing on its location at the highest point of the body. It is a primary point for various types of headaches, especially those that occur at the vertex. Conditions such as dizziness, vertigo, and tinnitus are often addressed with this point. Furthermore, it is used to subdue Liver yang rising, a TCM pattern that can manifest with symptoms like irritability and hypertension associated with heat rising to the head.
A third major category of application involves its function to “raise the yang,” which refers to its ability to counteract prolapse. This lifting action makes it useful for conditions where organs or tissues have descended. These structural issues can include uterine prolapse, rectal prolapse, and hemorrhoids. By supporting the body’s upward energetic movement, GV20 helps to restore the proper placement and function of these structures.
Methods of Stimulation
GV20 can be activated through several methods, ranging from self-care techniques to professional treatments. Acupressure is the most accessible method for the general public, involving applying pressure to the point with a finger. Techniques include using the middle finger to apply gentle, steady pressure for 30 to 45 seconds, or employing a gentle circular or tapping motion. This can be repeated several times daily to alleviate acute symptoms like headache or stress.
For professional treatment, practitioners use acupuncture needles. Due to its location, the needling technique is typically very shallow or oblique, meaning the needle is inserted sideways just under the skin. The common needling depth is usually between 0.3 to 0.5 cun to ensure safety. This shallow insertion is sufficient to achieve the desired therapeutic effect, such as calming the spirit or regulating energy flow.
Another traditional method involves moxibustion, which is the burning of moxa, or dried mugwort, near the point to apply warmth. Moxibustion at GV20 is generally reserved for specific conditions, such as those involving a lack of yang energy, and is performed by a licensed practitioner. This controlled heat application can help to warm and energize the area.
Safety Guidelines and Contraindications
The Baihui point is generally safe for acupressure, but its location requires careful consideration, especially for needling. Individuals with severe hypertension, particularly during a hypertensive crisis, should use caution with stimulation, as aggressive treatment could exacerbate symptoms. The area is sensitive, and self-applied acupressure should involve only gentle pressure, avoiding forceful or painful manipulation.
Professional needling should always be performed by a licensed acupuncturist who understands the shallow depth required to avoid anatomical risk. Furthermore, the area should be treated with care in cases of severe “wind conditions,” a TCM term that can relate to conditions like seizures or stroke. Strong stimulation is contraindicated for infants due to the presence of the open fontanelle. Consulting a healthcare professional before starting any new treatment is always advisable.