The Big Bear area, nestled within the mountainous terrain of the San Bernardino National Forest, is a highly diverse forest ecosystem. This high-altitude habitat, combined with Big Bear Lake, creates microclimates that support a wide range of wildlife. Visitors often seek encounters with the wild species that thrive here, from large forest predators to raptors and aquatic life.
The Iconic Large Mammals
The most sought-after mammal in the Big Bear region is the California Black Bear (Ursus americanus). Despite the name, these bears range in color from black to cinnamon brown and are typically shy, actively avoiding human contact. They are omnivores, with diets consisting largely of plants, berries, and insects, though they are highly motivated by human food sources, which is why they are occasionally seen near residential areas.
Adult male Black Bears can reach weights of up to 500 pounds, though they are generally less bulky than the extinct California Grizzly Bear that originally gave the region its name. They are most active during dawn, dusk, or at night. They enter dens between October and December, emerging in the spring months of March through May.
A much more common sight is the Mule Deer, recognizable by their large, mule-like ears and dark-tipped tail. These animals browse on local vegetation and are frequently observed grazing in meadows or near the lake shoreline during cooler parts of the day. The region is also home to the elusive Mountain Lion, an apex predator.
Mountain Lion sightings are extremely rare, as they are cautious and primarily nocturnal, hunting deer and other large prey in the dense forest. These large cats play a significant role in maintaining the health of the local ecosystem by regulating the deer population.
Common Birds and Smaller Ground Dwellers
The skies above Big Bear are patrolled by several raptor species, including various hawks and the Bald Eagle, which is a state-threatened species. Bald Eagles are notable winter visitors to the Big Bear Lake area, often sighted near the Stanfield Cut-off causeway between December and March. They are a major draw for birdwatchers observing them hunting for fish and waterfowl.
Closer to the ground are the small mammals that populate the forest floor and residential neighborhoods. The California Ground Squirrel and various Chipmunks, such as the Lodgepole Chipmunk, are constantly active, foraging for seeds and acorns. They are often seen darting across trails or campground areas. These rodents are a major food source for local predators and contribute to seed dispersal.
Another common inhabitant is the Coyote, a highly adaptable canine that often ventures into developed areas as a scavenger. Visitors may also notice the Steller’s Jay, a noisy bird with a dark head and blue body frequently seen around picnic areas and campsites. The Mountain Chickadee is easily identified by its black cap and bib, flitting through the pine and juniper trees.
Aquatic and Cold-Blooded Life
Big Bear Lake supports an aquatic environment maintained through regular stocking programs for recreational fishing. The lake is known for its Rainbow Trout, which thrive in the cold, mountain-fed depths. Anglers also target introduced species, including Largemouth Bass, Smallmouth Bass, and Channel Catfish.
The cold-blooded life includes a variety of lizards and snakes, most notably the Southern Pacific Rattlesnake (Crotalus oreganus helleri). This venomous snake is active during the warmer months, typically from late March to early October, and is found in rocky, brushy areas across the valley. Specimens found at higher elevations in the San Bernardino Mountains can exhibit a darker coloration.
While most snakes encountered are non-venomous, the Southern Pacific Rattlesnake requires caution and distance, as it will strike if cornered or threatened. The Southern Rubber Boa is a less-seen reptile; this small, non-venomous snake is a state-threatened species residing in the cool, moist conditions of the local forests.
Responsible Wildlife Viewing
Observing Big Bear’s wildlife requires adherence to guidelines designed to keep both animals and people safe. Never feed any wild animal, including squirrels, chipmunks, and bears, as this causes them to lose their natural fear of humans and leads to dangerous conflicts. Feeding wildlife damages their health and increases the likelihood of habituation.
Maintain a respectful distance from all wildlife, observing them with binoculars or a camera zoom rather than approaching. For safety, all food, garbage, and scented items must be secured in bear-resistant containers or stored in a locked vehicle trunk. This practice is important to prevent Black Bears from becoming food-conditioned and frequenting human-occupied areas.
Always keep pets on a leash and under control, as unattended animals can provoke or be harmed by local wildlife, including coyotes and mountain lions. When hiking, staying on designated trails minimizes disturbance to habitats and reduces the chance of accidental encounters with species like the Southern Pacific Rattlesnake.