A&D ointment is an over-the-counter skin protectant made primarily from petrolatum and lanolin. It’s best known as a diaper rash treatment, but it’s also widely used on minor cuts, scrapes, burns, and chapped skin. The product is manufactured by Bayer HealthCare and comes in two main versions: the Original Ointment and a Zinc Oxide formula designed specifically for more stubborn diaper rash.
What’s in It
The original formula contains two active ingredients: petrolatum at 53.4% and lanolin at 15.5%. Petrolatum (the same waxy substance in Vaseline) creates a physical barrier over the skin that locks in moisture and keeps irritants out. Lanolin, a natural oil derived from sheep’s wool, does something similar but also helps soften and condition the skin. Together, they instantly improve the skin’s ability to hold onto water, which is the core of how the ointment works.
The name “A&D” comes from vitamins A and D, which are also present in the formula. These vitamins support skin repair, though the heavy lifting is really done by the petrolatum and lanolin barrier.
What It’s Used For
A&D ointment has a surprisingly broad set of uses for such a simple product:
- Diaper rash: Both treating existing rash and preventing it by sealing out wetness
- Minor cuts, scrapes, and burns: Protecting the wound while the skin heals underneath
- Chapped or cracked skin and lips: Restoring moisture to dry, irritated areas
- Chafing: Reducing friction on skin that rubs against clothing or other skin
Many people also reach for A&D ointment after tattoos, though that’s an off-label use rather than something on the packaging. The logic is the same: it creates a protective layer over damaged skin while keeping it moisturized.
Original vs. Zinc Oxide Formula
The two versions of A&D serve slightly different purposes. The Original Ointment is a general skin protectant and emollient, meaning it’s designed to soften skin and form a moisture barrier. It works well for everyday prevention and mild irritation.
The Zinc Oxide version adds a stronger active ingredient that creates a thicker, more opaque barrier. Zinc oxide is better suited for active diaper rash that’s already red and irritated, or for overnight protection when a baby might sit in a wet diaper for longer stretches. Think of the original as the daily maintenance option and the zinc oxide version as the heavier-duty treatment.
How to Apply It
For diaper rash, the directions are straightforward: clean and dry the skin first, then apply the ointment liberally with each diaper change. Bedtime is an especially important time to use it, since that’s when exposure to a wet diaper is longest. You don’t need to fully remove the previous layer at every change. Just clean off what comes away easily and reapply.
For cuts, scrapes, burns, or chapped skin, the same basic principle applies. Clean the area, pat it dry, and spread a generous layer over the affected skin. Reapply as needed throughout the day, particularly after washing hands or bathing.
Lanolin Sensitivity
The one ingredient worth paying attention to is lanolin. While most people tolerate it without any issues, lanolin allergies do exist and can cause skin rash, itching, hives, or swelling. If you notice redness or irritation getting worse after applying A&D rather than better, lanolin sensitivity is a likely explanation. This is more common in people who already have eczema or contact allergies. If lanolin is a problem for you, plain petrolatum products without lanolin are a simple alternative.