Telangiectasias, commonly known as broken capillaries, appear as fine, reddish-purple lines, often found on the nose and cheeks. They are caused by small, dilated blood vessels close to the skin’s surface. Laser treatment addresses these visible vessels using selective photothermolysis. This process directs light energy into the skin, which is absorbed by the hemoglobin in the targeted capillaries. The absorbed light converts to heat, causing the vessel walls to collapse and seal shut. The body then naturally reabsorbs the damaged vessel, diminishing the visible redness over time.
Immediate Skin Reactions
Directly following the laser procedure, expected skin changes signal the treatment was effective. The most common reaction is erythema, or redness, in the treated area, which often resembles a mild sunburn. This localized redness is a temporary inflammatory response to the heat generated by the laser energy.
Mild swelling (edema) typically appears around the treated vessels and resolves within 24 to 48 hours. Purpura—a darkening or grayish-purple discoloration of the vessel—is a key sign of successful treatment. This immediate color change indicates the vessel has been sealed and micro-bruising has occurred, which is necessary for clearance.
With larger or more stubborn vessels, the treated lines may initially look more prominent, sometimes described as a “cat scratch” appearance, before reabsorption begins. The skin may also feel warm to the touch, similar to a slight stinging sensation, which usually fades within a few hours. Applying a cool compress or ice pack gently to the area helps alleviate this temporary warmth and reduce swelling.
The Short-Term Healing Process
The active healing phase begins immediately following treatment, typically lasting up to two weeks, and requires gentle care. Maintain a mild skincare routine, using a gentle, non-comedogenic cleanser and moisturizer to support the skin barrier. Cleansing should be done with lukewarm water, as heat can exacerbate temporary redness and swelling.
The residual bruising or purpura usually begins to fade significantly within seven to fourteen days, as the body clears the sealed capillaries. If superficial crusting or tiny scabs form, they must be allowed to fall off naturally to prevent scarring or pigment changes. Avoid scrubbing the face or using harsh physical or chemical exfoliants, such as retinoids or glycolic acids, during this period.
Avoid activities that introduce excessive heat to the face for about three to five days to minimize inflammation. This includes strenuous exercise, hot tubs, saunas, and very hot showers, as heat causes vasodilation that interferes with vessel sealing. Makeup can typically be applied to cover discoloration within one to three days, but it must be applied and removed gently.
Maintaining Long-Term Results
Once the treated capillaries have cleared and healing is complete, the focus shifts to protecting the skin and preventing new visible vessels. Strict sun protection is necessary, as ultraviolet (UV) radiation weakens capillary walls and causes future damage. A broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher should be applied daily and reapplied as needed.
Avoiding extreme temperature fluctuations helps preserve results, as rapid changes can trigger vasodilation that stresses the capillaries. This includes shielding the face from harsh winter winds and excessive heat exposure. While the treated vessels are sealed, the procedure does not prevent new broken capillaries from forming due to underlying causes like genetics or sun exposure.
For individuals prone to telangiectasias, maintenance sessions may be necessary to address new vessels that appear over time. Touch-up treatments are often recommended every one to two years to sustain clear skin. After the initial recovery period, reintroducing a regular skincare routine will help maximize the longevity of the results.