Finding a sickly green discoloration on your nail plate after removing an artificial nail can be alarming. This color change is a sign of a localized bacterial infection that thrives in the unique conditions created by nail enhancements. This common condition is often referred to as “Green Nail Syndrome” or “greenies” in the nail care community. Understanding the underlying cause is the first step toward effective treatment and preventing its return.
The Cause of Green Nail Discoloration
The green tint appearing on the nail is the byproduct of a specific type of common bacteria. The discoloration is caused by the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, an opportunistic bacterium frequently found in soil, water, and moist environments. This bacteria is not a form of mold or fungus, but rather a robust, moisture-loving organism.
The green coloration is caused by pigments the bacteria secretes as a waste product, primarily pyocyanin and pyoverdin. These pigments accumulate within the layers of the nail plate, creating the distinct green or blue-green shade. The color intensity can range from a light yellow-green to a dark, almost black-green.
How Fake Nails Create the Problem
Artificial nail enhancements, such as acrylics, gels, or press-ons, create an ideal microenvironment for Pseudomonas growth when the enhancement lifts. This separation between the natural nail plate and the artificial material forms a small gap or pocket. Water and debris from daily activities can easily seep into this space and become trapped.
Once moisture is sealed within this pocket, the area becomes warm, dark, and damp, creating the perfect condition for the bacteria to flourish. The bacteria feed on the keratin of the nail plate or the debris trapped underneath, rapidly multiplying in the sealed environment. Any minor trauma or imperfection in the nail application, like an unsealed edge or a small crack, can initiate this lifting and subsequent colonization.
Immediate Steps and Treatment
The first step upon discovering a green nail is to completely remove the artificial nail enhancement. The natural nail must be fully exposed to air, as Pseudomonas bacteria cannot survive in a dry, open environment. Stop using nail polish or any further nail enhancements until the discoloration has fully grown out.
To manage the infection at home, keep the affected nail meticulously dry and short. Daily soaking in a diluted solution of white vinegar and water can help, as the acetic acid inhibits bacterial growth. Use a 1:2 ratio of white vinegar to water for a 10 to 15-minute soak once or twice a day.
The green discoloration must be allowed to grow out with the nail plate, a process that takes several weeks to months. Seek professional medical attention if the area develops signs of a more severe infection, such as swelling, redness, pus, or significant pain.
Preventing Future Occurrences
Preventing recurrence relies on maintaining an environment hostile to the bacteria and ensuring proper application techniques. When getting a new enhancement, ensure the nail technician prepares the nail plate thoroughly, including complete dehydration. The enhancement must be applied without any lifting or gaps to create a perfect seal against moisture intrusion.
Avoid prolonged submersion of your hands in water, especially when wearing nail enhancements, and wear gloves for cleaning tasks. If you notice any lifting or separation of the artificial nail, have it professionally repaired or removed immediately. Taking regular breaks between nail enhancements allows the natural nail to recover, reducing the likelihood of bacterial growth.