Popping a pimple causes bleeding due to physical trauma to the skin tissue. Dermatologists strongly discourage this practice because the forceful manipulation creates an open wound, increasing the risk of infection and scarring. Understanding how to properly manage the resulting injury can help promote healing and minimize long-term damage.
Why Pimple Popping Causes Bleeding
Bleeding occurs because the physical pressure applied during popping ruptures the fine blood vessels that surround the hair follicle. A pimple forms when a pore becomes clogged, creating a localized pocket of inflammation. This lesion extends into the deeper layers of the skin, specifically the dermis, where a dense network of tiny blood vessels called capillaries resides.
When squeezing the blemish, the force often pushes the infected material deeper into the dermis. This internal pressure breaks the delicate capillary walls, releasing blood into the surrounding tissue and out through the opening. The resulting discharge is typically a mixture of pus (dead white blood cells) and fresh blood from the damaged capillaries. This forceful rupture also significantly increases the overall inflammation of the area.
Immediate First Aid for the Open Wound
Treating the ruptured pimple as a minor wound is the immediate priority to prevent complications. First, thoroughly wash your hands with soap and water to avoid introducing new bacteria. Next, gently cleanse the affected facial area using a mild, non-irritating cleanser and lukewarm water. Avoid scrubbing or using harsh exfoliants, which will only worsen the trauma.
To stop the blood flow, apply light but sustained pressure using clean gauze or a cotton swab for several minutes. If bleeding continues or the area is swollen, applying an ice cube wrapped in a thin cloth can help constrict blood vessels and reduce swelling. Once bleeding stops, the open wound must be protected to facilitate healing. Applying petroleum jelly or an over-the-counter antibiotic ointment keeps the site moist and creates a protective barrier. A hydrocolloid patch can also be applied, functioning like a sterile bandage while absorbing any remaining fluid.
Managing Damage and Identifying Infection Risks
Popping a pimple creates an inflammatory response that can leave lasting marks. One common consequence is post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH), appearing as flat, darkened patches on the skin. This discoloration occurs because the body produces excess melanin in response to the trauma and inflammation. Severe tissue damage can cause true acne scarring, involving abnormal collagen production resulting in depressed (atrophic) or raised (hypertrophic) areas.
It is important to monitor the area for signs of a bacterial infection. While some redness and mild pain are normal initially, concerning symptoms include spreading redness, increased warmth, significant swelling, or throbbing pain. The appearance of distinctly yellow or green pus, or persistent oozing after the initial discharge, can also indicate a secondary infection. If these symptoms are accompanied by a fever, or if the lesion is large and not improving after several days, consult a doctor or dermatologist immediately.